An Interesting Poster to look at from the Tri Alpha Energy Team in California
P. 1

  Beam-Driven Ion-Cyclotron Modes in FRC
B. S. Nicks, A. Necas, T. Tajima, R. Magee, T. Roche, and the TAE Team
TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, CA 92610
   1. C-2U Experiment: Enhanced Fusion 2. Ion-Cyclotron Modes Driven in SOL
 C-2U experiment: beam-driven FRC
 Proton beams injected into deuterium plasma
 Fast proton injection  greatly enhanced DD fusion rate  Non-destructive beam-driven ion-cyclotron mode
 Scrape-off-layer (SOL)
 Beam impact parameter  beam orbits in SOL
 Good environment for accelerating ions 𝛽 ≈ 0.1 𝑖
Region of interest (SOL)
4. Ion-Cyclotron Wakefield ModeFusion Enhancement
    1D PIC simulation, D plasma, H beam
 Near-perp beam injection, propagation
 Ion-Bernstein modes on beam harmonics
 Phase velocity = Alfven speed 𝑣  fast 𝐴
 Coherent wave structure, wakefield saturation  Reproduces experimental fusion
enhancement
Ion Phase Space
           11 10
10 10
109
108
107 −
C-2U Machine
Observed fusion enhancement2
Observed
≈ 300
  
 
𝑝h
Mode accelerates large ion tail (perp velocity)
Huge D-D fusion reactivity growth
Bulk plasma intact
Consistent with experiment
Tracer Ion Phase Space
          202468 𝑡 (ms)
  Deuterons accelerated to near beam energy2,3
Beam energy
3. Fast phase velocityWakefield4
 High wave phase velocity 𝑣𝑝h bulk plasma intact  Robust, coherent field: 𝐸 = 𝑚𝜔𝑣 Τ𝑞 = 𝑛𝐵 𝑣 Τ𝑐
 Particle tail accelerated to high energy
Bulk (thermal) particles: Remain intact
𝑣𝑝h ≫ 𝑣𝑡h
No bulk coupling
Tail ions accelerated
Boat wakefield
Beam particles:
Drive mode
𝑣𝑝h
𝑇𝐷 𝑝h 0𝐴
         𝑣𝑡h
References
 1. R. Magee et al., Nat. Phys. 15 (2019)
2. R. Magee, TAE
3. R. Clary, TAE
4. T. Tajima et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 (1979)
      Normalized distribution
Rate (s-1)
   1