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larger, longer time is needed to accumulate necessary fast ion population for the next burst (figure 2). The azimuthal inductive electric field plays a key role in this process. The existence of this electrical field is observed in Q2D modelling [16]. The resultant Eθ × Bz force will lead to redistribution of radial equilibrium profiles, an effect that has been observed in density profile measurements [17].
4. Summary
In the advanced neutral beam driven FRC regime, clas- sical n = 1 and 2 FRC instabilities are suppressed. The good plasma and fast ion confinement properties lead to com- parable fast ion and bulk plasma pressure. In this new FRC scenario, a new macroscopically non-destructive micro-burst instability is observed experimentally in detail under some particular discharge characteristics. Most of the features of the observed micro-bursts can be explained from the theory of precession modes developed by Finn and Sudan [15]. A heuristic model that can explain the micro-burst dynamics is proposed for future investigation. In this model an inductive azimuthal electrical field plays a critical role in the micro-burst frequency down-chirping and in the radial equilibrium profile redistribution. However, this model is subject to more thor- ough theoretical examination. Hybrid MHD code or particle code simulations may be used to reproduce the bursting and frequency down-chirping characteristics, and to resolve the details of fast ion interaction with the plasma during micro- bursts. Experimentally, more accurate equilibrium diagnostics are developed for the C-2W experiment, and more flexible NBI systems are being prepared, which will allow more detailed experimental study of micro-bursts such as beam energy scans.
B.H. Deng et al
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Acknowledgments
The authors from TAE Technologies thank our shareholders for their support and trust, and all fellow TAE staff for their dedication, excellent work, and extra effort, and Hannes Lein- weber for assisting the data analysis.
ORCID iDs
B.H. Deng H. Gota
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7025-2970 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6475-2912
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