TAE has spent over 20 years working to develop and distribute the cleanest, most sustainable energy source of all time. Our unique approach combines plasma physics and accelerator physics for a brand new pathway to fusion power. Read about our top breakthroughs, and browse the entire research library for over 350 posters and papers published in the world’s leading peer-reviewed journals.
May 2026 | S. Karbashewski | Physical Review Letters | Paper
We report observations of an energetic-particle mode (EPM) in a linear plasma device that corresponds to an axial bounce resonance of fast ions sourced from neutral-beam injection (NBI). In our experiment, novel dynamic shaping of a magnetic mirror field reduces the distance …
April 2025 | T. Roche | Nature Communications | Paper
We report evidence of successful generation of field-reversed configuration plasmas by neutral beam injection. This is achieved by trapping the steady state beams in an initial seed plasma, hence providing a direct source of toroidally directed energetic ion current and increase plasma …
October 2024 | H. Gota | Nuclear Fusion | Paper
TAE Technologies’ fifth-generation fusion device, C-2W (also called ‘Norman’), is the world’s largest compact-toroid device and has made significant progress in field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma performance.
February 2023 | R. Magee | Nature Communications | Paper
Proton-boron (p11B) fusion is an attractive potential energy source but technically challenging to implement. Developing techniques to realize its potential requires first developing the experimental capability to produce p11B fusion…
October 2021 | H. Gota | Nuclear Fusion | Paper
TAE Technologies, Inc. (TAE) is pursuing an alternative approach to magnetically confined fusion, which relies on field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas composed of mostly energetic…
March 2019 | R.M. Magee | Nature Physics | Paper
Efficiently heating a magnetically confined plasma to thermonuclear temperatures remains a central issue in fusion energy research. One well-established technique is to inject beams of neutral particles into the plasma, a process known as neutral beam injection.
February 2018 | J.A. Romero | Nature Communications | Paper
Active control of field reversed configuration (FRC) devices requires a method to determine the flux surface geometry and dynamic properties of the plasma during both transient and steady-state conditions.
November 2017 | H. Gota | Nuclear Fusion | Paper
The TAE Technologies experimental program has demonstrated reliable field-reversed configuration (FRC) formation and sustainment, driven by fast ions via high-power neutral-beam (NB) injection.
July 2017 | E. A. Baltz | Scientific Reports | Paper
TAE and Google have partnered to combine human and machine interaction to further plasma science using their “Optometrist Algorithm.”
May 2015 | M. Binderbauer | Physics of Plasmas | Paper
Conventional field-reversed configurations (FRCs), high-beta, prolate compact toroids embedded in poloidal magnetic fields, face notable stability and confinement concerns.
April 2015 | H. Guo | Nature Communications | Paper
Developing a stable plasma state with high-beta (ratio of plasma to magnetic pressures) is of critical importance for an economic magnetic fusion reactor.
June 2012 | M. Tuszewski | Physical Review Letters | Paper
Field reversed configurations (FRCs) with high confinement are obtained in the C-2 device by combining plasma gun edge biasing and neutral beam injection.
July 2010 | M. Binderbauer | Physical Review Letters Paper | Paper
A hot stable field-reversed configuration (FRC) has been produced in the C-2 experiment by colliding and merging two high- ß plasmoids preformed by the dynamic version of field-reversed -pinch technology.
November 2025 | T. DeHaas | APS DPP 2025 | Poster
A prototype Ion Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ICRH) system has been developed for C-2W, a beam-driven field-reversed configuration (FRC) experiment at TAE Technologies.
November 2025 | S. Ohshima | APS DPP 2025 | Poster
A new ion energy analyzer for energy- and pitch-angle-resolved measurement has been designed and developed, being optimized for beam-driven FRC, C-2W
November 2025 | R. Jaber | APS DPP 2025 | Poster
TAE Technologies’ current experimental device C-2W (also known as “Norman”) produces and sustains a steady state field reversed configuration plasma through neutral beam injection, edge biasing, and a robust real-time plasma control system.
November 2025 | L. Schmitz | APS DPP 2025 | Poster
Doppler Backscattering hardware has been used to detect the density peak in C-2W FRC plasmas from transmission/reflection transitions.
Main result: The peak density reconstructed from FIR Interferometry (via ABEL inversion) is on average 20-25% lower than the peak density determined via DBS.
November 2025 | L. Jian | APS DPP 2025 | Poster
High-fidelity measurements of plasma parameters in the fueling region of the C-2W field-reversed configuration (FRC) device [1] are essential for assessing neutral fueling efficiency, stability characteristics, and tandem confinement properties.
November 2025 | J. Barrett | APS DPP 2025 | Poster
Maintaining ultra-high vacuum is critical for sustaining high-performance field reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas in TAE’s latest fusion device—Norm [1]. Titanium gettering plays a pivotal role in maintaining vessel base pressures of 1 ” 10!” Torr or lower, suppressing impurities in the vessel…
November 2025 | G. Koumarianou | APS DPP 2025 | Presentation
TAE Technologies experimental device “C-2W/Norm” generates beam-driven field-reversed configuration plasmas for 40 ms.
By implementing a new pellet injection geometry, we experimentally demonstrate core fueling with pellets of steady-state FRCs.
November 2025 | S. Karbashewski | APS DPP 2025 | Presentation
• Diagnostics, Beams, and Plasma Parameters
• Dynamic mirror shaping
• Magnetic Mirror Experiments
• Mirror-to-FRC Transition
• Multiple Fast-Ion Species
• 2D (Q2D) and 3D (WarpX) observations
• Validation of experimental results
November 2025 | M. Beall | APS DPP 2025 | Presentation
Talk Overview:
▪ C-2W now can form plasmas with Neutral Beam Injection (NBI)
▪ Electron density profiles measured by FIR interferometry
▪ Profile shape parameterization
▪ Overall similar, but larger
November 2025 | R. Groenewald | APS DPP 2025 | Presentation
Overview of NORM (C-2W) Fusion Device –
NORM uses Neutral Beams and End-Biasing Systems to form and sustain either Mirror Plasmas or Field-Reversed
Configurations (FRCs) – see Roche et al., Nature Comm, 16, 3487 (2025) for NBI formed FRC report.
November 2025 | T. Roche | APS DPP 2025 | Presentation
We report evidence of successful generation of field-reversed configuration plasmas by neutral beam injection. This is achieved by trapping the steady-state beams in an initial seed plasma, hence providing a direct source of toroidally directed energetic ion current …
November 2025 | T. Roche | APS DPP 2025 | Paper
We report evidence of successful generation of field-reversed configuration plasmas by neutral beam injection. This is achieved by trapping the steady-state beams in an initial seed plasma, hence providing a direct source of toroidally directed energetic ion current …
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