TAE has spent over 20 years working to develop and distribute the cleanest, most sustainable energy source of all time. Our unique approach combines plasma physics and accelerator physics for a brand new pathway to fusion power. Read about our top breakthroughs, and browse the entire research library for over 350 posters and papers published in the world’s leading peer-reviewed journals.
May 2026 | S. Karbashewski | Physical Review Letters | Paper
We report observations of an energetic-particle mode (EPM) in a linear plasma device that corresponds to an axial bounce resonance of fast ions sourced from neutral-beam injection (NBI). In our experiment, novel dynamic shaping of a magnetic mirror field reduces the distance …
April 2025 | T. Roche | Nature Communications | Paper
We report evidence of successful generation of field-reversed configuration plasmas by neutral beam injection. This is achieved by trapping the steady state beams in an initial seed plasma, hence providing a direct source of toroidally directed energetic ion current and increase plasma …
October 2024 | H. Gota | Nuclear Fusion | Paper
TAE Technologies’ fifth-generation fusion device, C-2W (also called ‘Norman’), is the world’s largest compact-toroid device and has made significant progress in field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma performance.
February 2023 | R. Magee | Nature Communications | Paper
Proton-boron (p11B) fusion is an attractive potential energy source but technically challenging to implement. Developing techniques to realize its potential requires first developing the experimental capability to produce p11B fusion…
October 2021 | H. Gota | Nuclear Fusion | Paper
TAE Technologies, Inc. (TAE) is pursuing an alternative approach to magnetically confined fusion, which relies on field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas composed of mostly energetic…
March 2019 | R.M. Magee | Nature Physics | Paper
Efficiently heating a magnetically confined plasma to thermonuclear temperatures remains a central issue in fusion energy research. One well-established technique is to inject beams of neutral particles into the plasma, a process known as neutral beam injection.
February 2018 | J.A. Romero | Nature Communications | Paper
Active control of field reversed configuration (FRC) devices requires a method to determine the flux surface geometry and dynamic properties of the plasma during both transient and steady-state conditions.
November 2017 | H. Gota | Nuclear Fusion | Paper
The TAE Technologies experimental program has demonstrated reliable field-reversed configuration (FRC) formation and sustainment, driven by fast ions via high-power neutral-beam (NB) injection.
July 2017 | E. A. Baltz | Scientific Reports | Paper
TAE and Google have partnered to combine human and machine interaction to further plasma science using their “Optometrist Algorithm.”
May 2015 | M. Binderbauer | Physics of Plasmas | Paper
Conventional field-reversed configurations (FRCs), high-beta, prolate compact toroids embedded in poloidal magnetic fields, face notable stability and confinement concerns.
April 2015 | H. Guo | Nature Communications | Paper
Developing a stable plasma state with high-beta (ratio of plasma to magnetic pressures) is of critical importance for an economic magnetic fusion reactor.
June 2012 | M. Tuszewski | Physical Review Letters | Paper
Field reversed configurations (FRCs) with high confinement are obtained in the C-2 device by combining plasma gun edge biasing and neutral beam injection.
July 2010 | M. Binderbauer | Physical Review Letters Paper | Paper
A hot stable field-reversed configuration (FRC) has been produced in the C-2 experiment by colliding and merging two high- ß plasmoids preformed by the dynamic version of field-reversed -pinch technology.
June 2016 | Bihe Deng | HTPD | Poster
Interferometry for improved density profile measurements.
June 2016 | Erik Granstedt | HTPD | Poster
The C-2U device employed neutral beam injection, end-biasing, and various particle fueling techniques to sustain FRC plasmas.
June 2016 | Martin Griswold | HTPD | Poster
The C-2U experiment at TAE Technologies can sustain advanced beam-driven field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas.
June 2016 | Richard Magee | HTPD | Poster
In the C-2U experiment,1 high power neutral beam injection creates a large fast ion population that sustains a field-reversed configuration plasma.
June 2016 | Thomas Roche | HTPD | Poster
External flux conversing coils were installed onto the exterior of the C-2U confinement vessel to increase the flux confinement time of the system.
June 2016 | Dima Osin / Tania Schindler | HTPD | Poster
C-2U is a macroscopically stable, high-performance field-reversed configuration (FRC), where high plasma temperatures with significant fast ion population and record lifetimes were achieved.
June 2016 | Deepak Gupta | HTPD | Poster
Hanle effect can be used as a low magnetic-field diagnostic for FRC plasmas.
June 2016 | Daniel Sheftman | HTPD | Poster
Knowledge and control of the axial outflow of plasma particles and energy along open field lines are of crucial importance to the stability and longevity of advanced beam-driven FRC plasma.
May 2016 | T. Matsumoto | Review of Scientific Instruments | Paper
A compact toroid (CT) injector was developed for the C-2 device, primarily for refueling of field- reversed configurations. The CTs are formed by a magnetized coaxial plasma gun (MCPG), which consists of coaxial cylindrical electrodes and a bias coil for creating a magnetic field.
May 2016 | S. Gupta | Physics of Plasmas | Paper
A significant improvement of field reversed configuration (FRC) lifetime and plasma confinement times in the C-2 plasma, called High Performance FRC regime, has been observed with neutral beam injection (NBI), improved edge stability, and better wall conditioning.
May 2016 | Daniel Fulton | Physics of Plasmas | Paper
Following the recent remarkable progress in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability control in the C-2U advanced beam driven field-reversed configuration (FRC), turbulent transport has become one of the foremost obstacles on the path towards an FRC-based fusion reactor.
April 2016 | Sean Dettrick | Sherwood | Presentation
The TAE research program has been successful due to the agility and close interaction between experiment, theory, and engineering groups.
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